中国名胜古迹的英文名

As the symbol of the old-line Xian, Big Wild Goose Pagoda is a well-preserved ancient building and a holy place for Buddhists. It is located in the southern suburb of Xian City, about 4 kilometers (2.49 miles) from the downtown of the city. Standing in the Da Ci'en Temple complex, it attracts numerous visitors for its fame in the Buddhist religion, its simple but appealing style of construction, and its new square in front of the temple. It is rated as a National Key Cultural Relic Preserve as well as an AAAA Tourist Attraction.

This attraction can be divided into three parts: the Big Wild Goose Pagoda, the Da Ci'en Temple, and the North Square of Big Wild Goose Pagoda.

Big Wild Goose Pagoda
Originally built in 652 during the reign of Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty (618-907), it functioned to collect Buddhist materials that were taken from India by the hierarch Xuanzang.

Xuanzang started off from Chang'an (the ancient Xian), along the Silk Road and through deserts, finally arriving in India, the cradle of Buddhism. Enduring 17 years and traversing 100 countries, he obtained Buddha figures, 657 kinds of sutras, and several Buddha relics. Having gotten the permission of Emperor Gaozong (628-683), Xuanzang, as the first abbot of Da Ci'en Temple, supervised the building of a pagoda inside it. With the support of royalty, he asked 50 hierarchs into the temple to translate Sanskrit in sutras into Chinese, totaling 1,335 volumes, which heralded a new era in the history of translation. Based on the journey to India, he also wrote a book entitled 'Pilgrimage to the West' in the Tang Dynasty, to which scholars attached great importance.

First built to a height of 60 meters (197 feet) with five stories, it is now 64.5 meters (211.6 feet) high with an additional two stories. It was said that after that addition came the saying-'Saving a life exceeds building a seven-storied pagoda'. Externally it looks like a square cone, simple but grand and it is a masterpiece of Buddhist construction. Built of brick, its structure is very firm. Inside the pagoda, stairs twist up so that visitors can climb and overlook the panorama of Xian City from the arch-shaped doors on four sides of each storey. On the walls are engraved fine statues of Buddha by the renowned artist Yan Liben of the Tang Dynasty. Steles by noted calligraphers also grace the pagoda.

As for the reason why it is called Big Wild Goose Pagoda, there is a legend. According to ancient stories of Buddhists, there were two branches, for one of which eating meat was not a taboo. One day, they couldn't find meat to buy. Upon seeing a group of big wild geese flying by, a monk said to himself: 'Today we have no meat. I hope the merciful Bodhisattva will give us some.' At that very moment, the leading wild goose broke its wings and fell to the ground. All the monks were startled and believed that Bodhisattva showed his spirit to order them to be more pious. They established a pagoda where the wild goose fell and stopped eating meat. Hence it got the name 'Big Wild Goose Pagoda'.

Da Ci'en Temple

Da Ci'en Temple is the home of Big Wild Goose Pagoda. In 648, to commemorate the dead virtuous queen, royalty ordered the building of a temple named 'Ci'en' (Mercy and Kindness), for which the status and scale far exceeded all others. Today, with an area of 32,314 square meters (38,648.5 square yards), one seventh of the original area, it still retains its grandeur.

Before the temple, there stands a statue of hierarch Xuanzang, the meritorious hierarch. Walking on and across a small bridge, visitors will see the gates of the temple. With guarding lions, the temple seems stately for lions were said to function as talismans.

Entering the temple you will see two buildings-Bell Tower in the east and Drum Tower in the west. Inside the Bell Tower hangs an iron bell 15 tons (14.76 gross tons) in weight. It was molded in 1548 in the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644). Along the central axis are arranged the Hall of Mahavira, Sermon Hall, Big Wild Goose Pagoda, and the Hall of Xuanzang Sanzang. In the Hall of Mahavira are three carved statues of Sakyamuni, and 18 arhats as well as Xuanzang. The Sermon Hall is where Buddhist disciples would listen to a sermon. A bronze statue of Amitabha is dedicated and a Buddha statue is collected by Xuanzang as oblation. The Hall of Xuanzang Sanzang is north of Big Wild Goose Pagoda. In this hall are Xuanzang's relic and a bronze statue of a seated Xuanzang. The inner wall is chiseled with murals depicting this hierarch's story. Renowned as the contemporary Dunhuang Buddhist storehouse praised by UNESCO, it is the biggest memorial of Xuanzang.

North Square of Big Wild Goose Pagoda

Surrounding Big Wild Goose Pagoda, the scenery is also quite charming, especially the square north of the Da Ci'en Temple. Covering about 110,000 square meters (131563 square yards) plus 20,000 square meters (23920.6 square yards) of water area, it holds many records: in Asia, it is the biggest Tang-culture square, the biggest fountain and waterscape square, and the largest-scale sculptures area. In the world, it has the most benches, the longest light-belt, and the largest-scale acoustic complex.

The entire square is composed of waterscape fountains, a cultural square, gardens and tourist paths. There you can taste real Chinese culture and traditions and fully enjoy the truly attractive views. With reliefs on the theme of the prosperous Tang Dynasty, 200-meter-long (656-foot-long) sculpture groups, 8 groups of sculpted figures, 40 relievos on the land, and 22 styles of musical fountains, it has become a must-see when you visit Big Wild Goose Pagoda.

中国十大名胜古迹，是指1985年由中国旅游报社发起并组织全国人民于当年9月9日评选出的，有万里长城、桂林山水、杭州西湖、北京故宫、苏州园林、安徽黄山、长江三峡、台湾日月潭、避暑山庄、秦陵兵马俑等十个风景名胜区。

万里长城：是中国伟大的军事建筑，它规模浩大，被誉为古代人类建筑史上的一大奇迹。主要景观有：八达岭长城、慕田峪长城、司马台长城、山海关、嘉峪关、虎山长城、九门口长城等。

桂林山水：广西壮族自治区的桂林市是世界著名的风景游览城市和历史文化名城，位置处广西壮族自治区东北部，南岭山系的西南部，属典型的“喀斯特”岩溶地貌，遍布全市的石灰岩经亿万年的风化浸蚀，形成了千峰环立、一水抱城、洞奇石美的独特景观，被世人美誉为“桂林山水甲天下”。

杭州西湖：位于浙江省杭州市西部，杭州市中心，旧称武林水、钱塘湖、西子湖，宋代始称西湖。西湖有风景名胜40多处，重点文物古迹30多处。历史上除有“钱塘十景”、“西湖十八景”之外，最著名的是南宋定名的“西湖十景”和1985年评出的“新西湖十景”。

北京故宫：又名紫禁城，是明清两代的皇宫，位于北京市中心。皇宫建筑群为世界之最。是中国古建筑中的杰作。

苏州园林：她的历史可上溯至公元前6世纪春秋时期吴王的园囿，私家园林最早见于记载的是东晋(4世纪)的辟疆园，历代造园兴盛，名园日多。明清时期，苏州成为中国最繁华的地区之一，私家园林遍布古城内外。16--18世纪全盛时期，苏州有园林200余处，至今保存尚好的有数十处，并因此使苏州素有“人间天堂”的美誉。古典园林代表有：拙政园、留园、网师园、环秀山庄、狮子林、怡园、沧浪亭、耦园、艺圃等。

安徽黄山：位于安徽省南部黄山市，是中国著名风景区之一，世界游览胜地。
以奇松、怪石、云海、温泉的黄山四绝著称于世。

长江三峡：中国长江上游瞿塘峡、巫峡和西陵峡的合称，简称三峡。长江三峡，中国10大风景名胜之一，中国40佳旅游景观之首。长江三峡西起重庆奉节的白帝城，东到湖北宜昌的南津关，是瞿塘峡、巫峡和西陵峡三段峡谷的总称，是长江上最为奇秀壮丽的山水画廊，全长192公里，也就是常说的“大三峡”。

台湾日月潭：是台湾的“天池”，湖周35公里，水域9平方公里多，为全省最大的天然湖泊，也是全国少数著名的高山湖泊之一。

避暑山庄：是中国清朝皇帝的夏宫，是由皇帝宫室、皇家园林和宏伟壮观的寺庙群所组成。位于河北省承德市，距离北京230公里。避暑山庄位于承德市中心区以北，武烈河西岸一带狭长的谷地上，它始建于1703年，历经清朝三代皇帝：康熙、雍正、乾隆，耗时89年建成。

秦陵兵马俑：位于陕西省临潼县城东5公里处的骊山北麓，是中国历史上第一个皇帝秦始皇（公元前259年～前210年）陵墓的陪葬坑，被称为世界第八大奇迹之一。秦始皇兵马俑陪葬坑，是世界最大的地下军事博物馆。


给我财富值

中国名胜古迹的英文名：Forbidden City 故宫、Tiananmen Square 天安门、the West Lake 西湖、Terracotta Warriors 兵马俑、Greater Wild Goose Pagoda 大雁塔。

1、Forbidden City 故宫

英 [fə'bɪdn 'sɪti] ；美 [fə'bɪdn 'sɪti] 　 

例：We're going to visit the Forbidden city.去参观紫禁城。

例：But where is the Forbiden City,Madam Tang.可紫禁城在哪里。

2、Tiananmen Square 天安门

Square

英 [skweə(r)] ；美 [skwer] 　 　

例：The next stop is Tiananmen Square. 

下一站是天安门广场。

例：Which bus line leads to Tiananmen Square ?

哪一路车能去天安门?

3、the West Lake 西湖

英 [ðə west leɪk]；美 [ðə west leɪk] 

例：The west lake is noted for its scenery.

西湖以其风景而著名。

例：The West Lake was beautiful beyond description.

西湖美得难以描述。

4、Terracotta Warriors 兵马俑

英 [ˌterə'kɔtə 'wɔriəz]； 美 [ˌterə'kɑtə 'wɔriəz] 

例：Most of the terracotta warriors stand facing east.
秦兵马俑大都是向东而立

5、Greater Wild Goose Pagoda 大雁塔

英 [ɡreɪtə waɪld ɡuːs pə'ɡəʊdə]；美 [ɡreɪtə waɪld ɡuːs pə'ɡoʊdə] 

例：This Greater Wild Goose Pagoda of its particular feature. 

这座大雁塔具有其特性。

例：There was a very tall Greater Wild Goose Pagoda in the city. 

在这座城市有一座非常高的大雁塔。

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