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核聚：雷·达里奥的达成目标5步法
来源：www.zuowenzhai.com 作者：编辑 日期：2024-06-14
五步法之一:拥有目标和热情
I think for everybody, in order to be successful, there are five steps that you go through essentially.
我认为，为了获得成功每个人在根本上都必须洞穿5个步骤。
But everybody has their goals.
但是，每个人都有他们的目标。
What is their goal and passion?
他们的目标和热情是什么？
So you have goals.
你也有你的目标。
And then what happens is you're going after your goals and you encounter your problems.
有了目标之后就会发生这样的事情，你追求目标，你会遇到你的问题。
SMART Goals
S:specific 具体
M:measureble 可测量
A:amazing 兴奋
R:realistic 现实
T:time-bound 时效
1.Goals 目标
2.Problems 问题
3.Diagnosis 诊断
4.Design 设计
5.Doing 执行
五步法之二:发现问题和错误
So encountering problems,and then the big difference between people is how they approach those problems.
遇到问题之后，人们之间巨大的差别在于如何解决这些问题。
People who get bummed out by the problems don't learn from it.
那些对问题感到烦恼的人，不能从问题中学到东西。
Who learns from them?
谁能从问题中学到东西？
So those who recognized the problems are exciting that they get into those problems or mistakes.
是那些识别到问题就感到激动兴奋，并且投身于解决这些问题或错误的人。
Mistakes are learning experiences.
错误就是学习经验。
The pain that comes from that mistake, every time you have pain it's an indication that something is at odds.
痛苦源于错误，每次你感到痛苦，都说明某些事不合理。
So the people who have the pain are the people then who will go into that and realize that if they solve that pain, solve that problem,understand what that is representative of – not just the one problem – but that problem is a certain type of problem that will happen over and over and over again in your life.
所以那些感到痛苦的人，就会探究并认识到如果他们解决了痛苦，解决了问题，懂得这些问题不仅仅是单一的问题，而是代表着将会在你生命中反反复复出现的一类问题。
And if you can solve, "How do l deal with that kind of problem?"
如果你能解决“我将如何处理这类问题”，（你就将成为上面这样的人）。
解决问题越多的人，能力越强；
发现问题应该感到兴奋；
解决一个，能力就长一分；
解决（学到）一个，等于解决（学到）成千上万个。
人与人之间的差距就是这么拉开的。
人生是残酷的。
五步法之三:诊断问题抵达问题根源
The third thing that everybody needs to do is,if they have problems on the way to their goals,that they diagnose those problems and they get to the root cause - the real root cause.
每个人都要做到的第三件事情是，如果在通往他们目标的道路上遇到问题，他们诊断问题并且抵达根本原因，真正的根本原因。
The real root cause is often - is typically - what people they are like.
真正的原因往往是自己到底是怎样的人。
Can you go to what you're like?
你能直面你自己吗？
Can you go to your mistakes?
你能直面你的错误吗？
Can you go to your weaknesses?
你能直面你的弱点吗？
Can you go to other people's mistakes and weakness?
你能面对其他人的错误和弱点吗？
Some people, because of ego barrier, can't do that.
一些人因自我意识障碍而不能做到。
So if they don't recognize their own mistakes, their own weakness, or other's mistakes and weakness - what the root cause may be and what they're like because of ego barriers - if they can't go there, they're going to repeat those mistakes.
所以，如果他们不能认识到他们自身的错误，他们自身的弱点，或者不能认识到别人的错误和弱点 ——因自我意识障碍而不清楚自己到底是怎样的、不清楚根本原因是什么——如果他们不能抵达那里，他们就将重复犯这些错误。
They're going to have them over and over again.
他们将一次又一次的犯错。
So it's the process essentially of saying,at that stage,"What am l like?"
所以，这个过程在本质上是要追问到哪种境地，“我究竟是怎样的？”
Everybody has strengths and everybody has weaknesses.
每个人都有强项，每个人也都有弱点。
The weakness are the other side of the strengths.
弱点是力量的另一方面。
So let's say if you're a right brain/creative person,you may not be reliable.
所以，如果你是一个右脑思考的，创造型的人，你可能并不可靠。
Because just the way you think necessitates you to think a certain way, that means you can't think in another way.
因为，正是你思考的方式使得你以特定的方式思考，那意味着你不会用另一种方式思考。
That means you're going to keep bumping into that thing that's standing in your way.
这意味着你将反复被那些你遇到的问题困扰。
But unless you can embrace," l'm not reliable,"right,and deal with it, you won't get around it.
除非你直面“我并不可靠”，并且解决这个问题，否则你永远绕不开它。
It's still going to continue to be a barrier.它将继续是障碍。
So the diagnosis to the root cause is important.
所以根本原因的诊断是关键。
五步法之四:设计方法
So then if you diagnose, then you have to design what you are going to do about it.
所以，如果你做出诊断之后，你必须设计你将如何处理它。
That works.
然后，你的工作可以推进了。
So let's say you are very creative but not reliable.
所以，假如你非常具有创造性但并不可靠。
Okay, you have to find the means of first of all embracing that, and then saying, "lf l'm not reliable, what do l? Do l work with a reliable person? Do l learn reliability? Do l have some compensating mechanism?"
那么，你必须发现方法，首要的是直面它，然后问自己，“如果我不可靠，我该怎么办？我在跟一个可靠的人一起工作吗？我在学习变得可靠吗？我有哪些抵消这些弱点的机制吗？”
Because l can't let that lack of reliability stand in the way of my goal.
因为我不能让“缺乏可靠性”挡在我达成目标的道路上。
As long as l keep doing that l'm going to keep running into problems.
只要我继续那样做下去，我将会一直奔向种种麻烦。
五步法之五:贯彻实施
So you have to design what you do about the problems.
所以你必须设计你如何解决问题。
And then when you're designing what to do about the problems, you have to follow it through.
并且当你再设计如何解决问题时，你必须贯彻执行。
You have to follow through, or do the thing you design.
你必须彻底执行你的设计，或者做你所设计的事情。
Doing the thing you design requires self-discipline and so on.
执行你的设计需要自律，还有其他。
只有严格执行计划，才能发现错误。
只有尽快发现错误，才能快速进步！
你需要检验的思维。
需要对自己感到好奇。
这架机器到底是怎么运行的？
五步法之持续迭代
People have to do those things in order to be successful.
人要想成功就必须这样做。
Right.
是不是？
They have to know what their goals are.
他们必须知道他们的目标是什么。
They have to diagnose their problems down to the root cause, the real root cause.
他们必须诊断他们的问题直到找到根本原因，真正的根本原因。
They have to design ways to get around them, and then they have to have the self-discipline to follow that.
他们必须围绕这些真正的根本原因设计途径，并且他们必须自律地去执行。
It's a continuous iterative process.
这是持续的迭代过程。
So that's what we keep doing.
这就是我们一直在做的事。
I would say that all of the shapers are doing that.
我确信，所有的塑造者都在这样做。
So they don't mind the problems.
他们不介意遇到问题。
That's their adventure.
那是他们必须要冒的险。
A wonderful book is Einstein's Mistakes.
有一本非常精彩的书，《爱因斯坦的错误》。
You hear his struggles.
我能听到他的挣扎。
He wouldn't have been cutting-edge, he wouldn't have been inventive if he didn't go through that.
如果他没有穿越那些，他就不会站在巅峰，不会独出心裁。
So when you're looking at the personality characteristic,the personality characteristics lend themselves to doing that five-step process wSo when you're looking at the personality characteristic,the personality characteristics lend themselves to doing that five-step process well.
所以当你在审视人格特征时，人格特征加之于他们自身去很好的操作这五步过程。
要真正的理解而不要教条
You could have a tremendous tenacity, but you're studying, you're learning, you're trying to memorize and remember everything that you're being taught and you're really trying hard.
你本可以坚韧不拔，你在研究，你在学习，你在尝试牢记那些所教你的东西，你非常努力。
You could have great tenacity.
你本可以坚韧不拔。
You need the making sense of something, you need to embrace reality.
你需要弄清楚一些东西，你需要拥抱现实。
You need these other dimensions.
你需要这些纬度。
Right.
是不是？
So l think the things that we started to talk about just before, the things that these people have a need for is:First, they need to - most fundamentally - make sense of things, which is a very different kind of learning process.
所以我认为我们之前讨论的问题，这些人所需要的东西是:首先，他们需要——最为基础地——理解事情，这是一个非常特殊的学习过程。
It's a very internalized learning process.
它是非常内在化的学习过程。
It's not a memory-based process.
它不是一个基于记忆的过程。
So none of these people - unlike the population as a whole - none of these people have a desire to follow instructions.
所以，这些人——并不像大众那样——这些人中没有一个是希望听从教条的。
现实究竟如何运作
For most people, you go to school, they tell you what class to go to, what classes to take.
对于大多数人，你去上学，他们告诉你什么课要上，什么课要学。
This goes on all the way through university.
这样一直到大学。
"Do this, do this, do this..." and then you go into the class and they say," Learn this," and," This is the information," and it's a largely memory-based and instructional-based process.
“做这个，做这个，做这个……”然后你上课，他们说“学这个”和，“这是信息”这就是强依赖记忆的强依赖说明的学习。
This is not what these people do.Right?
这不是这些人（塑造着）做的事，对不对？
This is not.
这不是。
So the path, what they have is a strong, strong desire to understand and make sense of reality.
所以，他们（塑造者）所走的道路，就是理解和弄清楚现实的强大又强的渴望。
How does reality work?
现实究竟怎样运作？
So they're all very independent-thinking and,and rebellious.
他们非常独立地思考，并且具有反叛精神。
They don't mind saying," Screw you.This is what make sense and l've got to go down that path."
他们不介意说，“去你的，这才是合情合理的，我必须沿着此路走下去。”
犯错即是放松
They are comfortable with ambiguity.
他们对不明确的事感到不舒服。
They love ambiguity.
他们喜欢不明确。
Some people don't like ambiguity.
一些人不喜欢模棱两可。
Most people, they say," l'm nervous about ambiguity."
大多数人都会说，“我对模棱两可感到紧张。”
They love to go in the space of what's ambiguous, because that's where the discovery is.
他们喜欢进入不明确的空间，因为那里是发现的地方。
They love making mistakes, the process, they understand that making mistakes - you know, loosen up!
他们喜欢犯错，他们理解的犯错是一个放松的过程。
你的生存空间究竟有多大！
犯错即学习
It's like you're going to ski or something.
这就像去滑雪或者做其他事情。
You can't learn how to ski unless you're falling.
你不可能学会滑雪，除非你在摔跤。
So they don't mind the falling.
那些人不在意摔跤。
They're not embarrassed about making mistakes.
他们不会对犯错感到尴尬。
They're not worried also about the approval of others.
他们也不在意别人的评价。
从错误和失败中学习
So many people are constantly saying," Oh well, risk!"
许多人经常说，“噢，危险！”
The whole different definition of risk - what's risky?
这两类人对危险的定义迥然不同，什么是危险？
They're not worried about what people think of them, right?
他们不担心别人怎么想他们？
Is that risk or failure?
那是危险还是失败？
The term of failure is a totally different thing.
失败是学习过程的一部分，对不对？
What's the risk of failure?
什么是失败的危险？
What, you'll be embarrassed?
你对什么感到尴尬？
Risk of failure?
危险还是失败？
How do you distinguish failure from learning?
你怎么从学习中区别出失败？
In your whole life," failure" implies that it stopped, that the game stops.
在你的一生中，失败意味着停止，游戏中止。
If it's part of a " You're failing and then you learn," then that learning is part of the moving forward.
如果承认“如果你失败进而你学到了东西，”那么从错误中学习就是前进的一部分。
So that is what the process is like.
所以那就是(塑造者)进步过程。
失败、学习、进步
Fail, learn, move forward.
失败，学习，进步。
And constantly do that, because you're cutting-edge.
不断地这样做，因为你正在迈向顶峰。
You're going where people haven't been before, in inventiveness.
你正在创造性的到达那些人们从未到过的境地。
That's exciting to those people.
这些人(塑造者)对此感到兴奋。
So that's a different kind of approach to life.
那是一种不同的人生。
It's a different way of being.
一种不同的存在方式。
自我障碍是最严重的问题
I think that the ego barrier is the worst problem.
我认为自我障碍是最严重的问题。
This is going to take a few minutes.
这将花一些时间。
People are so attached to being right, and yet the tragedy is it could be so easy to find out how you're wrong.
人向往正确，而悲剧是你总会发现你在犯错。
If you just said to yourself," l'm not sure that l'm right, and let me go find people who have alternative point of views and let me have quality conversations."
如果你只这样对自己说，“我不确定我是对的，让我找一些不同观点的人，让我有一些高质量的对话”。
Not to pay attention to their conclusions, but to the thought process.
不必关注他们的决定，而是关注思维过程。
So thoughtful discussion, worrying about being wrong but not to the sense of being paralyzed.
要有深刻的讨论，保持担心犯错而不是被麻痹。
Or moving forward, but in the sense of trying to create discovery, to have an exchange.
或者前行，某种意义上是在创建发现，来作为交换。
To go after the person who has the most different point of view, who is the most thoughtful, and then have a conversation to see their point of view.
去追求那些具有极其不同观点的人，那些思想最有深度的人，然后与他们对话、看清他们的观点。
Whether a person could be both open-minded and assertive at the same time, that creates a discovery process.
一个人是否既虚心又自信，是创造发现过程的关键。
It creates a fabulous learning.
那将创造出极妙的学习过程。
That process itself reduces the probability of being wrong and produces a great deal of learning.
这个过程减少了犯错误的可能并产生大量的学习。
人如此沉醉于自以为是
People are so hung up on being right.
人如此沉醉于正确。
Starting their discussion and deriving some sort of satisfaction if, at the end of the discussion, they were where they began the discussion.
他们开启了交流，产生了一些满足，交流结束后，他们仍在讨论的起点。
That doesn't make any sense, because there's not going to be any learning.
那么这交流毫无意义，因为在这个过程中没有任何学习。
So ego plays an important role in that.
在这个过程中，自我扮演着重要角色。
The people that feel like," l'm good. I've got it," won't learn.
如果感到，“我还不错，我已经搞定了”则将一无所获。
If you've got it, you won't learn.
如果你已经搞定了，你将不会学习。
So you have to get rid of this ego barrier, " l've got it" thing.
所以你必须摆脱自我障碍，摆脱“我搞定了”的感觉。
Every human being has weaknesses.
每个人都有弱点。
And, as l say, it's the opposite side of thinking.
如我所说，这需要辩证地看。
高校达成目标的5步法
世界第一对冲基金的思维管理技术
I think for everybody, in order to be successful, there are five steps that you go through essentially.
我认为，为了获得成功每个人在根本上都必须洞穿这5个步骤。
——Ray Dalio
每一步只有1%左右的人能做到位，五步都做到位的概率是亿万分之一。
我们要做的是，深度认知，增加每一步的概率。
问题诊断背后的玄机(5个层次)
从一个具体问题中你到底能学到多少？
没有试图寻找原因
没救了
找不到原因
思维混乱，却不知道混乱。不明不白的放弃，不明不白的浪费时间
表面原因
缺乏解题思路，什么是思路
根本原因
思路就是套路。这就是人与人比拼套路的社会。
定义、定理、公式、推导、证明，以及运算技巧，都是套路。
拆解组合是最普遍的套路。
缺乏套路思维+缺乏精确思维。
真正的根本原因
懒惰+傲慢
天下古今之庸人，皆以一惰字致败；
天下古今之才人，皆以一傲字致败。
雷·达里奥给了我无价的指导和洞见，现在，这就是呈现在你们面前的《原理》。
——比尔·盖茨
《匠人如神：本田宗一郎的人生进阶课》
“速度决定胜负”。
每个人都想要速度快，速度快仿佛可以解决所有的问题，人一出生，快速就如影相随，父母也希望你快点长大，快点成才。“凡事要快”，似乎已经成了当代社会的一个标准，就连战争，也讲究快速。
我们的工作也是胜在快速，你的发明，只要比别人快一秒钟，就可以申请专利，这拼的就是一个速度。如果你否定快速的意义，也许是因为你没有在发明和创意上下过功夫，更谈不上什么智慧了。在我看来，那些否认快速的人，往往是人生的失败者。
在《匠人如神》的第205页，本田宗一郎写到：
专利一旦被申请，就是过去时了。它又不是神仙造出来的，我们只要想努力研究，大家共同研究、琢磨，最后都成功了。没有几个公司能像我们这么刻苦的，因为我一直认为，从基础做起很重要。
知识、技能、财富指数增长，一次次的跃迁构成整体指数增长。
《练习的心态》
1.挑战：
一个艰巨的任务：压力巨大，甚至绝望。
2.实验：
把那一天当做实验。
3.启动：
有意识的放慢自己的节奏。十分缓慢的打开工具箱，不是随手抓起的一些工具，而是每次只拿一件工具出来。把每件工具整齐地放好。一件一件地做好所有的事情，有意试图放缓工作。
4.开始阶段:
(1)内心向你咆哮，焦虑不安。
(2)你的自我迅速地对工作任务的简化进步，这种简化，是有目的的一次做一件事，并且缓慢地做。此时，你的自我之中，要求你将思绪停留在当前这一刻的工作过程之中。
5.洞见：
当你有意识地放缓工作节奏的时候，你在急匆匆的状态下能做的任何事情会变得令人惊讶地容易。不过，在我结束了艰巨的任务时，才有了这种心灵启发。
6.结果:
节省了40%以上的时间(震惊)。
每次我在工作中放缓节奏并且有意识地这样做，都能产生这样的结果。
练习的心态——4S方法
4S方法:
简化(Simplify)
细分(small)
缩短(short)
放慢(slow)
简化(Simplify)：拆解目标，拆解任务。
成功的达到每个简单的目标，将使你产生强大的动力，趋势自己不断前进，而且，你也不会在自己的能力达不到时感到精神疲惫。
细分(small)
专注于细分的目标，比起专注于总体任务更容易一些，而且能让你反复体验成功的滋味。
缩短(short)
把任务时间缩短，比如，“我将在接下来的几天里，每天花45分钟的时间来打扫车库，直到把它们彻底清理干净”。
放慢(slow)
放慢，意思是让自己内心平和，关注你正在做的事情。如果你在洗车，手里拿一块海绵慢慢地擦，慢到足够可以细致观察自己的动作。
核心算法
永远记住
学习：
如果学到一个东西，就如何学下一个，下一个，学习所有东西。
记忆：
如果记住一个东西，就如何记住下一个，下一个，记住所有东西。
目标：
如何达成一个小目标，就如何达成下一个，下一个，直到达成一个大目标。
这比任何成败都重要，这是人生的核心算法。
I think for everybody, in order to be successful, there are five steps that you go through essentially.
我认为，为了获得成功每个人在根本上都必须洞穿5个步骤。
But everybody has their goals.
但是，每个人都有他们的目标。
What is their goal and passion?
他们的目标和热情是什么？
So you have goals.
你也有你的目标。
And then what happens is you're going after your goals and you encounter your problems.
有了目标之后就会发生这样的事情，你追求目标，你会遇到你的问题。
SMART Goals
S:specific 具体
M:measureble 可测量
A:amazing 兴奋
R:realistic 现实
T:time-bound 时效
1.Goals 目标
2.Problems 问题
3.Diagnosis 诊断
4.Design 设计
5.Doing 执行
五步法之二:发现问题和错误
So encountering problems,and then the big difference between people is how they approach those problems.
遇到问题之后，人们之间巨大的差别在于如何解决这些问题。
People who get bummed out by the problems don't learn from it.
那些对问题感到烦恼的人，不能从问题中学到东西。
Who learns from them?
谁能从问题中学到东西？
So those who recognized the problems are exciting that they get into those problems or mistakes.
是那些识别到问题就感到激动兴奋，并且投身于解决这些问题或错误的人。
Mistakes are learning experiences.
错误就是学习经验。
The pain that comes from that mistake, every time you have pain it's an indication that something is at odds.
痛苦源于错误，每次你感到痛苦，都说明某些事不合理。
So the people who have the pain are the people then who will go into that and realize that if they solve that pain, solve that problem,understand what that is representative of – not just the one problem – but that problem is a certain type of problem that will happen over and over and over again in your life.
所以那些感到痛苦的人，就会探究并认识到如果他们解决了痛苦，解决了问题，懂得这些问题不仅仅是单一的问题，而是代表着将会在你生命中反反复复出现的一类问题。
And if you can solve, "How do l deal with that kind of problem?"
如果你能解决“我将如何处理这类问题”，（你就将成为上面这样的人）。
解决问题越多的人，能力越强；
发现问题应该感到兴奋；
解决一个，能力就长一分；
解决（学到）一个，等于解决（学到）成千上万个。
人与人之间的差距就是这么拉开的。
人生是残酷的。
五步法之三:诊断问题抵达问题根源
The third thing that everybody needs to do is,if they have problems on the way to their goals,that they diagnose those problems and they get to the root cause - the real root cause.
每个人都要做到的第三件事情是，如果在通往他们目标的道路上遇到问题，他们诊断问题并且抵达根本原因，真正的根本原因。
The real root cause is often - is typically - what people they are like.
真正的原因往往是自己到底是怎样的人。
Can you go to what you're like?
你能直面你自己吗？
Can you go to your mistakes?
你能直面你的错误吗？
Can you go to your weaknesses?
你能直面你的弱点吗？
Can you go to other people's mistakes and weakness?
你能面对其他人的错误和弱点吗？
Some people, because of ego barrier, can't do that.
一些人因自我意识障碍而不能做到。
So if they don't recognize their own mistakes, their own weakness, or other's mistakes and weakness - what the root cause may be and what they're like because of ego barriers - if they can't go there, they're going to repeat those mistakes.
所以，如果他们不能认识到他们自身的错误，他们自身的弱点，或者不能认识到别人的错误和弱点 ——因自我意识障碍而不清楚自己到底是怎样的、不清楚根本原因是什么——如果他们不能抵达那里，他们就将重复犯这些错误。
They're going to have them over and over again.
他们将一次又一次的犯错。
So it's the process essentially of saying,at that stage,"What am l like?"
所以，这个过程在本质上是要追问到哪种境地，“我究竟是怎样的？”
Everybody has strengths and everybody has weaknesses.
每个人都有强项，每个人也都有弱点。
The weakness are the other side of the strengths.
弱点是力量的另一方面。
So let's say if you're a right brain/creative person,you may not be reliable.
所以，如果你是一个右脑思考的，创造型的人，你可能并不可靠。
Because just the way you think necessitates you to think a certain way, that means you can't think in another way.
因为，正是你思考的方式使得你以特定的方式思考，那意味着你不会用另一种方式思考。
That means you're going to keep bumping into that thing that's standing in your way.
这意味着你将反复被那些你遇到的问题困扰。
But unless you can embrace," l'm not reliable,"right,and deal with it, you won't get around it.
除非你直面“我并不可靠”，并且解决这个问题，否则你永远绕不开它。
It's still going to continue to be a barrier.它将继续是障碍。
So the diagnosis to the root cause is important.
所以根本原因的诊断是关键。
五步法之四:设计方法
So then if you diagnose, then you have to design what you are going to do about it.
所以，如果你做出诊断之后，你必须设计你将如何处理它。
That works.
然后，你的工作可以推进了。
So let's say you are very creative but not reliable.
所以，假如你非常具有创造性但并不可靠。
Okay, you have to find the means of first of all embracing that, and then saying, "lf l'm not reliable, what do l? Do l work with a reliable person? Do l learn reliability? Do l have some compensating mechanism?"
那么，你必须发现方法，首要的是直面它，然后问自己，“如果我不可靠，我该怎么办？我在跟一个可靠的人一起工作吗？我在学习变得可靠吗？我有哪些抵消这些弱点的机制吗？”
Because l can't let that lack of reliability stand in the way of my goal.
因为我不能让“缺乏可靠性”挡在我达成目标的道路上。
As long as l keep doing that l'm going to keep running into problems.
只要我继续那样做下去，我将会一直奔向种种麻烦。
五步法之五:贯彻实施
So you have to design what you do about the problems.
所以你必须设计你如何解决问题。
And then when you're designing what to do about the problems, you have to follow it through.
并且当你再设计如何解决问题时，你必须贯彻执行。
You have to follow through, or do the thing you design.
你必须彻底执行你的设计，或者做你所设计的事情。
Doing the thing you design requires self-discipline and so on.
执行你的设计需要自律，还有其他。
只有严格执行计划，才能发现错误。
只有尽快发现错误，才能快速进步！
你需要检验的思维。
需要对自己感到好奇。
这架机器到底是怎么运行的？
五步法之持续迭代
People have to do those things in order to be successful.
人要想成功就必须这样做。
Right.
是不是？
They have to know what their goals are.
他们必须知道他们的目标是什么。
They have to diagnose their problems down to the root cause, the real root cause.
他们必须诊断他们的问题直到找到根本原因，真正的根本原因。
They have to design ways to get around them, and then they have to have the self-discipline to follow that.
他们必须围绕这些真正的根本原因设计途径，并且他们必须自律地去执行。
It's a continuous iterative process.
这是持续的迭代过程。
So that's what we keep doing.
这就是我们一直在做的事。
I would say that all of the shapers are doing that.
我确信，所有的塑造者都在这样做。
So they don't mind the problems.
他们不介意遇到问题。
That's their adventure.
那是他们必须要冒的险。
A wonderful book is Einstein's Mistakes.
有一本非常精彩的书，《爱因斯坦的错误》。
You hear his struggles.
我能听到他的挣扎。
He wouldn't have been cutting-edge, he wouldn't have been inventive if he didn't go through that.
如果他没有穿越那些，他就不会站在巅峰，不会独出心裁。
So when you're looking at the personality characteristic,the personality characteristics lend themselves to doing that five-step process wSo when you're looking at the personality characteristic,the personality characteristics lend themselves to doing that five-step process well.
所以当你在审视人格特征时，人格特征加之于他们自身去很好的操作这五步过程。
要真正的理解而不要教条
You could have a tremendous tenacity, but you're studying, you're learning, you're trying to memorize and remember everything that you're being taught and you're really trying hard.
你本可以坚韧不拔，你在研究，你在学习，你在尝试牢记那些所教你的东西，你非常努力。
You could have great tenacity.
你本可以坚韧不拔。
You need the making sense of something, you need to embrace reality.
你需要弄清楚一些东西，你需要拥抱现实。
You need these other dimensions.
你需要这些纬度。
Right.
是不是？
So l think the things that we started to talk about just before, the things that these people have a need for is:First, they need to - most fundamentally - make sense of things, which is a very different kind of learning process.
所以我认为我们之前讨论的问题，这些人所需要的东西是:首先，他们需要——最为基础地——理解事情，这是一个非常特殊的学习过程。
It's a very internalized learning process.
它是非常内在化的学习过程。
It's not a memory-based process.
它不是一个基于记忆的过程。
So none of these people - unlike the population as a whole - none of these people have a desire to follow instructions.
所以，这些人——并不像大众那样——这些人中没有一个是希望听从教条的。
现实究竟如何运作
For most people, you go to school, they tell you what class to go to, what classes to take.
对于大多数人，你去上学，他们告诉你什么课要上，什么课要学。
This goes on all the way through university.
这样一直到大学。
"Do this, do this, do this..." and then you go into the class and they say," Learn this," and," This is the information," and it's a largely memory-based and instructional-based process.
“做这个，做这个，做这个……”然后你上课，他们说“学这个”和，“这是信息”这就是强依赖记忆的强依赖说明的学习。
This is not what these people do.Right?
这不是这些人（塑造着）做的事，对不对？
This is not.
这不是。
So the path, what they have is a strong, strong desire to understand and make sense of reality.
所以，他们（塑造者）所走的道路，就是理解和弄清楚现实的强大又强的渴望。
How does reality work?
现实究竟怎样运作？
So they're all very independent-thinking and,and rebellious.
他们非常独立地思考，并且具有反叛精神。
They don't mind saying," Screw you.This is what make sense and l've got to go down that path."
他们不介意说，“去你的，这才是合情合理的，我必须沿着此路走下去。”
犯错即是放松
They are comfortable with ambiguity.
他们对不明确的事感到不舒服。
They love ambiguity.
他们喜欢不明确。
Some people don't like ambiguity.
一些人不喜欢模棱两可。
Most people, they say," l'm nervous about ambiguity."
大多数人都会说，“我对模棱两可感到紧张。”
They love to go in the space of what's ambiguous, because that's where the discovery is.
他们喜欢进入不明确的空间，因为那里是发现的地方。
They love making mistakes, the process, they understand that making mistakes - you know, loosen up!
他们喜欢犯错，他们理解的犯错是一个放松的过程。
你的生存空间究竟有多大！
犯错即学习
It's like you're going to ski or something.
这就像去滑雪或者做其他事情。
You can't learn how to ski unless you're falling.
你不可能学会滑雪，除非你在摔跤。
So they don't mind the falling.
那些人不在意摔跤。
They're not embarrassed about making mistakes.
他们不会对犯错感到尴尬。
They're not worried also about the approval of others.
他们也不在意别人的评价。
从错误和失败中学习
So many people are constantly saying," Oh well, risk!"
许多人经常说，“噢，危险！”
The whole different definition of risk - what's risky?
这两类人对危险的定义迥然不同，什么是危险？
They're not worried about what people think of them, right?
他们不担心别人怎么想他们？
Is that risk or failure?
那是危险还是失败？
The term of failure is a totally different thing.
失败是学习过程的一部分，对不对？
What's the risk of failure?
什么是失败的危险？
What, you'll be embarrassed?
你对什么感到尴尬？
Risk of failure?
危险还是失败？
How do you distinguish failure from learning?
你怎么从学习中区别出失败？
In your whole life," failure" implies that it stopped, that the game stops.
在你的一生中，失败意味着停止，游戏中止。
If it's part of a " You're failing and then you learn," then that learning is part of the moving forward.
如果承认“如果你失败进而你学到了东西，”那么从错误中学习就是前进的一部分。
So that is what the process is like.
所以那就是(塑造者)进步过程。
失败、学习、进步
Fail, learn, move forward.
失败，学习，进步。
And constantly do that, because you're cutting-edge.
不断地这样做，因为你正在迈向顶峰。
You're going where people haven't been before, in inventiveness.
你正在创造性的到达那些人们从未到过的境地。
That's exciting to those people.
这些人(塑造者)对此感到兴奋。
So that's a different kind of approach to life.
那是一种不同的人生。
It's a different way of being.
一种不同的存在方式。
自我障碍是最严重的问题
I think that the ego barrier is the worst problem.
我认为自我障碍是最严重的问题。
This is going to take a few minutes.
这将花一些时间。
People are so attached to being right, and yet the tragedy is it could be so easy to find out how you're wrong.
人向往正确，而悲剧是你总会发现你在犯错。
If you just said to yourself," l'm not sure that l'm right, and let me go find people who have alternative point of views and let me have quality conversations."
如果你只这样对自己说，“我不确定我是对的，让我找一些不同观点的人，让我有一些高质量的对话”。
Not to pay attention to their conclusions, but to the thought process.
不必关注他们的决定，而是关注思维过程。
So thoughtful discussion, worrying about being wrong but not to the sense of being paralyzed.
要有深刻的讨论，保持担心犯错而不是被麻痹。
Or moving forward, but in the sense of trying to create discovery, to have an exchange.
或者前行，某种意义上是在创建发现，来作为交换。
To go after the person who has the most different point of view, who is the most thoughtful, and then have a conversation to see their point of view.
去追求那些具有极其不同观点的人，那些思想最有深度的人，然后与他们对话、看清他们的观点。
Whether a person could be both open-minded and assertive at the same time, that creates a discovery process.
一个人是否既虚心又自信，是创造发现过程的关键。
It creates a fabulous learning.
那将创造出极妙的学习过程。
That process itself reduces the probability of being wrong and produces a great deal of learning.
这个过程减少了犯错误的可能并产生大量的学习。
人如此沉醉于自以为是
People are so hung up on being right.
人如此沉醉于正确。
Starting their discussion and deriving some sort of satisfaction if, at the end of the discussion, they were where they began the discussion.
他们开启了交流，产生了一些满足，交流结束后，他们仍在讨论的起点。
That doesn't make any sense, because there's not going to be any learning.
那么这交流毫无意义，因为在这个过程中没有任何学习。
So ego plays an important role in that.
在这个过程中，自我扮演着重要角色。
The people that feel like," l'm good. I've got it," won't learn.
如果感到，“我还不错，我已经搞定了”则将一无所获。
If you've got it, you won't learn.
如果你已经搞定了，你将不会学习。
So you have to get rid of this ego barrier, " l've got it" thing.
所以你必须摆脱自我障碍，摆脱“我搞定了”的感觉。
Every human being has weaknesses.
每个人都有弱点。
And, as l say, it's the opposite side of thinking.
如我所说，这需要辩证地看。
高校达成目标的5步法
世界第一对冲基金的思维管理技术
I think for everybody, in order to be successful, there are five steps that you go through essentially.
我认为，为了获得成功每个人在根本上都必须洞穿这5个步骤。
——Ray Dalio
每一步只有1%左右的人能做到位，五步都做到位的概率是亿万分之一。
我们要做的是，深度认知，增加每一步的概率。
问题诊断背后的玄机(5个层次)
从一个具体问题中你到底能学到多少？
没有试图寻找原因
没救了
找不到原因
思维混乱，却不知道混乱。不明不白的放弃，不明不白的浪费时间
表面原因
缺乏解题思路，什么是思路
根本原因
思路就是套路。这就是人与人比拼套路的社会。
定义、定理、公式、推导、证明，以及运算技巧，都是套路。
拆解组合是最普遍的套路。
缺乏套路思维+缺乏精确思维。
真正的根本原因
懒惰+傲慢
天下古今之庸人，皆以一惰字致败；
天下古今之才人，皆以一傲字致败。
雷·达里奥给了我无价的指导和洞见，现在，这就是呈现在你们面前的《原理》。
——比尔·盖茨
《匠人如神：本田宗一郎的人生进阶课》
“速度决定胜负”。
每个人都想要速度快，速度快仿佛可以解决所有的问题，人一出生，快速就如影相随，父母也希望你快点长大，快点成才。“凡事要快”，似乎已经成了当代社会的一个标准，就连战争，也讲究快速。
我们的工作也是胜在快速，你的发明，只要比别人快一秒钟，就可以申请专利，这拼的就是一个速度。如果你否定快速的意义，也许是因为你没有在发明和创意上下过功夫，更谈不上什么智慧了。在我看来，那些否认快速的人，往往是人生的失败者。
在《匠人如神》的第205页，本田宗一郎写到：
专利一旦被申请，就是过去时了。它又不是神仙造出来的，我们只要想努力研究，大家共同研究、琢磨，最后都成功了。没有几个公司能像我们这么刻苦的，因为我一直认为，从基础做起很重要。
知识、技能、财富指数增长，一次次的跃迁构成整体指数增长。
《练习的心态》
1.挑战：
一个艰巨的任务：压力巨大，甚至绝望。
2.实验：
把那一天当做实验。
3.启动：
有意识的放慢自己的节奏。十分缓慢的打开工具箱，不是随手抓起的一些工具，而是每次只拿一件工具出来。把每件工具整齐地放好。一件一件地做好所有的事情，有意试图放缓工作。
4.开始阶段:
(1)内心向你咆哮，焦虑不安。
(2)你的自我迅速地对工作任务的简化进步，这种简化，是有目的的一次做一件事，并且缓慢地做。此时，你的自我之中，要求你将思绪停留在当前这一刻的工作过程之中。
5.洞见：
当你有意识地放缓工作节奏的时候，你在急匆匆的状态下能做的任何事情会变得令人惊讶地容易。不过，在我结束了艰巨的任务时，才有了这种心灵启发。
6.结果:
节省了40%以上的时间(震惊)。
每次我在工作中放缓节奏并且有意识地这样做，都能产生这样的结果。
练习的心态——4S方法
4S方法:
简化(Simplify)
细分(small)
缩短(short)
放慢(slow)
简化(Simplify)：拆解目标，拆解任务。
成功的达到每个简单的目标，将使你产生强大的动力，趋势自己不断前进，而且，你也不会在自己的能力达不到时感到精神疲惫。
细分(small)
专注于细分的目标，比起专注于总体任务更容易一些，而且能让你反复体验成功的滋味。
缩短(short)
把任务时间缩短，比如，“我将在接下来的几天里，每天花45分钟的时间来打扫车库，直到把它们彻底清理干净”。
放慢(slow)
放慢，意思是让自己内心平和，关注你正在做的事情。如果你在洗车，手里拿一块海绵慢慢地擦，慢到足够可以细致观察自己的动作。
核心算法
永远记住
学习：
如果学到一个东西，就如何学下一个，下一个，学习所有东西。
记忆：
如果记住一个东西，就如何记住下一个，下一个，记住所有东西。
目标：
如何达成一个小目标，就如何达成下一个，下一个，直到达成一个大目标。
这比任何成败都重要，这是人生的核心算法。
18814109739：信达叔得所愿- -达叔五招实现你愿望|原则3
储菲莘
：答：1. 有明确的目标。2. 找到阻碍你实现这些目标的问题，并且不容忍问题。3. 准确诊断问题，找到问题的根源。4. 规划可以解决问题的方案。5. 做一切必要的事来践行这些方案，实现成果。达叔五招,不仅是思维方式,可以说是指导具体实践的方法论了. 对于自己来说,规划...
18814109739：做自己的工具人——《原则》中原则的总结
储菲莘
：答：系统内部需要有运行回路，「达成目标5步法」就是运行回路的标准模板，相比很多实际情况下的：目标——方案——执行，5步法多了 认识问题、诊断问题 2 步，即：不能忽视已知问题，并且要把问题的根源明确清楚，不能拖泥带水混过去，这在实际中恰好就是不断发生的。有了输入和运行回路，那系统就会给出...
18814109739：乔布斯在实现梦想的过程中遇到了什么困难?
储菲莘
：答：要想坚定的完成目标,就要坚定地评估你的每天的目标进行情况。我们注意到,雷的五个步骤,更多告诉我们的是实现目标中可能遇到的问题,以及如何解决。其中前三个步骤,都是在分析目标,最后两个,是建立方案和进行实施。实现目标的过程,其实就是解决问题的过程,在这个过程中,大多数人之所以不能很好地解决问题,进而无法完成...
18814109739：《原则》
储菲莘
：答：书中,雷·达里奥认为人生应该有三个阶段:第一阶段是学习,在此期间我们要依靠别人。第二阶段是工作,在此期间别人依靠我们。第三阶段别人不再依靠自己,不用非得工作,可以自由的去享受生活了。现在到了他人生的第三阶段,因此,他将自己一生遵循的原则传授于人,让更多人得益。 雷·达里奥是桥水基金创始人,美国对冲基...
18814109739：《原则》中的第一条原则:拥有你自己的原则
储菲莘
：答：雷·达里奥在《原则》导言中，提出了他的第一条原则，要求我们保持谦逊和心胸开阔，动用自己的最佳思维，独立思考并决定以下三点：作为参考，我们可以借用九型性格来思考一下这个问题。1完美型：我若不完美，就没有人会爱我，所以我追求改革。2助人型：我若不帮助人，就没有人会爱我，所以我追求博爱...
18814109739：成功学是个什么玩意儿?
储菲莘
：答：相较于前两者，科学方法派如李笑来，以其严谨的理论和实践结合，试图揭示成功的科学规律。它主张遵循事物的逻辑，通过逻辑、数据和实验来提高成功概率，强调的是时间的积累而非一夜成名。例如，桥水资本的雷·达里奥提出的五个原则，正是PDCA闭环管理理念的生动体现。科学方法派虽然务实，但实践起来并不轻松...
18814109739：顶级思维模型和相关书籍
储菲莘
：答：3. 正确与非共识：全球著名对冲基金桥水基金的创始人雷·达里奥认为，要想在市场上获得成功，你必须成为一个独立思考者，因为共识通常都是错误的。4. 「3」的法则：当你试图说服一个资深人士去做某件事时，一定要给出3个原因。5. 有竞争力的护城河：在巴菲特看来，公司就好比城堡，而护城河就好比这...
18814109739：如何应对压力、保持专注
储菲莘
：答：——雷·达里奥,桥水基金创始人,2018年最火爆 领导力图书《原则》作者提高专注度的第二个方法是冥想。从积极心理学角度,人对幸福的感知来源于对财富、成功的外部追求与用正念去探寻生活的目标、心无旁骛做事的内部追求。冥想正是积极心理学内部追求的最主要表现形式,有助于提升正念、保持做事专注度,继而工作效率、...
18814109739：雷伊·达里奥的鼓励员工挑战
储菲莘
：答：雷·达里奥的办公室位于康涅狄格州西港市郊外。他的团队每星期都会举行“这个星期世界上发生了什么”的会议。约有50人参加会议，与会者大多是二三十岁的男子。达里奥在靠前的位子上坐下。一个同事开始讲近期欧洲央行如何从一些投资人手中打折购买希腊债券，达里奥打断了他：“这就是你说的不明确的地方...
18814109739：雷达里奥名言
储菲莘
：答：雷·达里奥名言 1. 每个人都有很多缺陷，最快的成功方式就是知道这些缺陷，以及知道如何处理这些缺陷，这样它们就不会阻挡你成功的路。2. 是谁设立了出问题的流程，又是谁决定我们应该按此流程办事，忽视个人归责将拖累我们成功处理问题的步伐。3. 拥抱失败是通向真正进步的第一步，这也是为什么在整个...
（编辑：寇叔战）
